A device that applies a mechanical force for lifting or lowering a load is known as a __________.

A hoist is a device specifically designed to lift or lower heavy loads by using a mechanical force. It typically consists of a mechanism to securely attach to the load, a source of power (which may be manual or motorized), and a system (such as chain or wire rope) to facilitate the movement of the load vertically. Hoists are commonly used in various industries for loading and unloading tasks, making them essential for safe and efficient lifting operations.

While a winch can also apply mechanical force to lift or lower loads, it is primarily designed for pulling rather than directly lifting from a vertical position. A pulley, on the other hand, is a simple machine that changes the direction of force and can assist in lifting, but it does not apply force by itself. A crane is a more complex machine that can lift and move loads horizontally and vertically, but it encompasses a wide range of configurations and designs, often integrating hoisting systems within its structure.